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What is the principle of constant temperature and humidity incubator?
The cooling and humidity control process of the constant temperature and humidity incubator works through a series of precise steps. The refrigerant is first compressed by the compressor in an adiabatic manner, which increases its pressure and raises its temperature due to the work input. This high-pressure refrigerant then flows through the condenser, where it exchanges heat with the surrounding medium in an isothermal process, releasing the absorbed heat into the environment.
After that, the refrigerant passes through an expansion valve, where it undergoes adiabatic expansion, causing its temperature to drop significantly. This low-temperature refrigerant then enters the evaporator, where it absorbs heat from the object being cooled, thus lowering its temperature. This cycle continuously repeats, maintaining the desired cooling effect within the incubator.
The refrigeration system used in this test chamber is based on a fully enclosed compressor with a freon-based refrigeration unit. To ensure stable and efficient operation, the system incorporates energy-adjusting technology. This allows for precise control over the refrigeration capacity and energy consumption, ensuring the system operates at its optimal performance level.
Additionally, the system uses a balanced temperature adjustment method. When the refrigeration system is running continuously, the control system monitors the current temperature and compares it to the setpoint. Using PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control, the system automatically calculates the required heater output to maintain the desired temperature. This dynamic balance ensures consistent and accurate environmental conditions inside the incubator, making it suitable for sensitive experiments and applications that require strict temperature and humidity control.