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Clean room standard clean room dust-free workshop grade division
A cleanroom is a controlled environment designed to minimize the presence of airborne particles, dust, and other contaminants. These rooms are classified into different levels based on the degree of cleanliness required for specific applications. In industries such as semiconductor manufacturing and panel assembly, cleanrooms typically operate at Class 1000 or Class 100, with lower numbers indicating higher levels of cleanliness.
The concept of a Class 1000 cleanroom means that there are no more than 1,000 particles per cubic foot of air, while a Class 100 cleanroom allows no more than 100 particles in the same volume. However, it's important to note that each classification also specifies the size of the particles being controlled. For example, under the U.S. Federal Standard (FS) 209E, issued in 1992, cleanrooms are categorized into six levels: Class 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10,000, and 100,000.
In this standard, the cleanroom level is determined by the number of particles of a specific size present in one cubic foot of air. For instance, Class 10 refers to a maximum of 75 particles of 0.2 micrometers or larger per cubic foot, and Class 1 corresponds to 35 particles of 0.1 micrometers or larger. Integrated circuit manufacturing requires cleanrooms with a cleanliness level better than Class 1000 to ensure product quality and reliability.
The U.S. federal specifications define cleanroom standards based on the number of particles of 0.5 micrometers or larger found in one cubic foot of air. This is often referred to as "Grade X," where X represents the maximum number of particles allowed. For example, a Grade 10 cleanroom contains 10 or fewer particles of 0.5 micrometers or larger per cubic foot. In contrast, natural air can contain anywhere from 300,000 to 30 million particles per cubic foot, making cleanrooms essential for precision manufacturing.
Under the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS), cleanroom classifications are slightly different. The JIS system divides cleanrooms into eight levels, ranging from Grade 1 to Grade 8. Each grade is defined by the number of particles of 0.1 micrometers or larger per cubic meter of air. For example, Grade 1 indicates less than 10 particles of 0.1 micrometers or larger per cubic meter, while Grade 8 allows up to 10 million particles.
The U.S. Federal Standard 209E provides a detailed breakdown of particle counts for various cleanroom classes:
| Cleanliness Level | Particle Size (μm) |
|-------------------|--------------------|
| | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 5.0 |
| **Class 1** | 35 | 7.5 | 3 | 1 |
| **Class 10** | 350 | 75 | 30 | 10 |
| **Class 100** | N/A | 750 | 300 | 100 |
| **Class 1000** | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1000 |
| **Class 10,000** | N/A | N/A | N/A | 10,000 |
| **Class 100,000** | N/A | N/A | N/A | 100,000 |
These standards help manufacturers select the appropriate cleanroom for their processes, ensuring optimal performance and product quality. Whether in semiconductor fabrication, pharmaceuticals, or biotechnology, cleanrooms play a critical role in maintaining the integrity of sensitive operations.