Closed soft tissue injury

Common types of closed soft tissue injury: divided into chronic and acute types. Should be based on prevention, early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment.

 

1. Contusion (caused by a blunt force acting directly on a part of the body)

Caused by the blunt force acting directly on a part of the body, such as in sports, colliding with each other, or being kicked, or hitting a part of the body on the device. Light only contusion of subcutaneous tissue (such as muscles, ligaments, etc.), and severe cases (such as head, chest, abdomen and testicular contusion) are often combined with shock due to injury of certain organs. In sports, the quadriceps and calf frontal bruises are more common. If there are only minor symptoms such as pain, tenderness, swelling, and dysfunction, local cold compresses new wounds, pressurizes to include and raises the affected limb; if there is a fracture, muscle or muscle breakage, the limb should be removed. Bandage fixed and sent to hospital for treatment.

 

2 . Pull injury (muscle or ligament)

 

Muscle strain is the injury caused by rapid contraction or over-pulling of muscle during exercise. After straining the muscles, severe strains were caused on the injured parts. The stick-shaped lump formed by muscle tension was touched by hand. The pain was obvious, local swelling or subcutaneous hemorrhage, and activities were obviously restricted. The reason for the strain is often due to insufficient preparatory activities, or due to external forces during vigorous exercise, the joints have undergone an out-of-range motion, resulting in strains on the muscles or ligaments. Localized redness, heat, swelling, and tingling in the injured area.

 

Treatment method: Immediately take cold treatment in the early stage: chill the area with cold water or wrap the ice with a towel, then use a bandage to properly wrap the damaged area to prevent swelling. While relaxing the muscles of the injured area and raising the injured limb, you can take some pain and hemostatic drugs.

 

In the middle period (after 24 hours), it is possible to use salt water, massage, and sticking blood paste on the outside. Remove the dressing after 24 hours to 48 hours. According to the injury, the blood can be attached to the external swelling and swelling swelling plaster, can be appropriate heat or lighter methods to massage the local injury. Severe muscle strain, such as the abdomen or tendon broken, should seize the time to go to the hospital for surgical suture. In the late stage of recovery, massage, micromotion, rehabilitation, or restorative exercise are the mainstays.

 

Wrong way: Immediately after injury, massage, heat or continue to move.

 

3 . Sprain (when the range of motion of the joint exceeds the normal limit, it is caused by ligaments, tendons, and muscle tears around the joint)

 

In sports, sprains in joints and other parts often occur due to unevenness, loss of body balance when jumping up and down, etc.

 

Festival varus is the most common, manifested as joint swelling, walking pain and so on.

 

Treatment method: cold sprain wound, bandaged with pressure. After 24 hours, external application of traumatic drugs can be used according to the injury, massage and early clearance

 

Functional recovery exercise.

 

Severe sprains: stop bleeding and stop pain. Raise the injured limb, rinse the injured area with cold water or cold compress with a cold towel to make the blood pressure

 

Shrink, reduce the degree of bleeding and relieve pain. Do not rubbing yourself and prevent increased bleeding. Then place cotton on the wound and bandage it.

 

After 48 hours of injury, heat dressing was used to promote the absorption of blood clots.

 

Wrong approach: Still active after injury or immediately massage the injured joint.

 

Note: Do not abuse safflower oil immediately after sprain

 

After the sprain, people usually take out the blood-smearing, swelling and pain-relief medicines prepared at home, such as safflower oil, and apply the sprain immediately. Unexpectedly, it didn't take long after smearing that the sprained area was swollen even more! This is because in the acute phase of injury (within 24 hours), the small blood vessels around the subcutaneous soft tissue will rupture, and if the drug is used for external application such as safflower oil, it will aggravate the local blood leakage. , so that swelling increased.

 

In the acute phase of sprains, local cold compresses should be applied to the sprains to avoid excessive activity. Hot compresses, kneading, and smearing blood stasis drugs should be strictly prohibited. After the acute phase (after 24 hours), the sprains will enter the period of hematoma absorption and tissue repair. At this time, you can use safflower oil and other blood stasis drugs, apply the affected area 4-6 times a day.

 

However, if the sprained skin appears to be ulcerated, do not use safflower oil. If skin allergies occur after use, stop using it immediately.

 

4 . Muscle spasms - cramps

 

Cramps are called "muscle spasms" in exercise physiology, meaning that muscles involuntarily contract. In physical exercise, the most prone to muscle spasm is the calf gastrocnemius. The main reason is:

 

(1) Excessive salt loss in the body. When strenuous exercise is performed, the salt in the body is lost due to excessive sweating of the body, destroying the balance of the body's electrolysis. Since the content of sodium chloride in the body is too low, the excitability of the muscles is increased and the muscles are paralyzed.

 

(2) muscle contraction and diastolic disorders. During exercise, due to the rapid and continuous contraction of muscles, the relaxation time is too short, destroying the coordination relationship between muscle contraction and diastole, and causing muscle spasms. This strong contraction suppresses the relaxation of the phlegm, which is more likely to occur during muscle fatigue.

 

(3) Cold stimulation. When performing sports activities in a cold environment, if the muscles are stimulated by cold without adequate preparation activities, muscle spasms are often caused.

 

When muscle spasms occur, the local muscles are hard or bulging and severely painful and are not easily relieved. After some ease, there is still discomfort and it is easy to recur. When muscle spasms occur, the muscles of the spasms can be relaxed and pain can be relieved by slowly increasing the force and continuously pulling. When the calf cramps, you can lie flat on the ground, grasp the forefoot with the opposite hand, stretch the knee and forcefully pull it; also sit flat or supine, straighten the knee joint, and the companions hold their foot against the abdomen, and the person's torso Prone to moderate force, the companion pushes his feet slowly and slowly, while pushing, kneading, and pinching the calf muscles can relieve the paralysis.

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