The water vapor nozzle charge device is beneficial to the charge of the dust particles due to the large injection current. In practice, the two types of charge devices, namely the positive charge water vapor nozzle charge device and the negative charge water vapor nozzle charge device, are arranged in the coal-fired boiler. The pre-charge of dust particles is carried out in the road. When the dust particles are charged with different charges, under the action of Coulomb force, the heterogeneously charged dust particles attract each other, collide with each other, intercept, and finally get condensed into larger dust particles, which is beneficial to the cyclone electrostatic water film. The collection of dust collectors, especially when the cyclone electrostatic water film dust collector has reached 96% 98% dust removal efficiency, it is very difficult to achieve the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator. At present, more than 80% of cyclone water film and multi-tube cyclone dust collectors in China's coal-fired power plants are still operating. The dust removal efficiency is generally 85% 92%. The electrostatic precipitators used in boilers of coal-fired power plants have an area. Large, one-time investment costs, operating and maintenance costs, and other defects. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop and reform the cyclone water film dust collector to meet the national environmental protection boiler dust emission standards. To determine the polarity of the charged steam. 2a3 high voltage power supply is divided into positive high voltage power supply and negative high voltage power supply. In the figure, the negative charge steaming KV is a high voltage meter, At is the total current meter, and its current intensity is expressed; 8 is a corona current meter, and the corona current intensity is represented by /2. The saturated water vapor passes through the electrons and negative ions generated by the corona discharge in the metal nozzle of the Laval nozzle. The electrons and negative ions are divided into two parts (we only describe the case of negatively charged electric appliances): one part flows to the metal pipe wall and becomes an invalid current; the other part goes with water. The steam is ejected and condensed into a charged steam. The charged steam is negatively charged and becomes an effective current. Therefore, the effective current intensity is expressed by /, / //33. Obviously, the larger the effective current, the more the negative charge of the charged vapor zone is. We use an electrostatic fuel gauge and two metal balls connected by wires to measure the amount of charge of the superheated steam ejected from the Laval nozzle. The insulation bracket consists of Teflon material. 3 Characteristics of the water vapor nozzle charge device 3.1 The measurement principle of water vapor charge electric appliance and the polar water vapor Laval nozzle sprayed the charged steam. The influence of my 3-2 high voltage corona needle position on the effective current has already discussed the relationship between the charged steam and the effective current. However, because the metal ball has a small cover range, the ball is spaced from the nozzle, and the charge of the charged steam injected onto the ball is only a part of it, and the measured charge is not very Indeed, it is reasonable to use the measured effective current to determine the amount of steam charge. The water vapor nozzle precharger is usually used as a dust charging device. The positive and negative water vapor preloading device is placed in the flue of the coal-fired boiler to achieve dust. Pre-charge and condensation can not only avoid the anti-corona phenomenon of high specific resistance dust, but also improve the dust collection efficiency of sub-micron dust. For Laval nozzle with nozzle diameter of 2.1mm, when it is high-voltage corona needle When the upper spin is at a high voltage of 510 kV, a corona discharge is generated between the corona needle and the nozzle. We use superheated steam as the medium for the charge transfer of the traditional Laval nozzle, and study the superheated vapor pressure on the position of the corona preloader from the corona needle and the nozzle, the temperature and pressure of the superheated steam. 5MPa, superheated steam temperature 455K. We use a metal spherical electrode to collect the charged steam and connect the two metal balls of the same diameter with a wire. One ball is placed in the cylinder for measuring the charge of the electrostatic fuel gauge, and the other ball is placed directly in front of the Laval nozzle. Among the steam spray cones, the charged steam is injected onto the ball to charge it, and the amount of the ball charge is indicated by the electrostatic fuel gauge. It is designed according to the law of conservation of charge and the conductor in the electrostatic field. . The polarity of the charged steam is the case of using the positive and negative poles of the known DC meter. One end of the positive and negative poles of the DC meter is grounded, and the other end is connected to the metal ball. The position of the high-voltage corona needle from the pointer of the meter points to the effective current. The effect, as shown, is measured by the superheated vapor pressure. 5MPa, superheated steam temperature 455K, nozzle diameter is 2. 1mm, superheated steam pressure is 0.308MPa, temperature variation range is between AT". (=T.7"Satu,a,丨.n)=1030K, corona The tip position can only be operated in a small range (<3mm). The working high voltage at this time varies between 58kV. If the voltage is higher than 8.5kV, the spark will be discharged and the effective current A/ will drop rapidly. 3.3 Influence of superheated steam temperature on effective current The effect of superheated steam temperature on the effective current is as shown, and the measurement condition is superheated steam pressure. 5 MPa. When T. = 425 K, unstable corona discharge is caused due to the formation of water droplets in the throat of the nozzle. When: T. is higher than the critical temperature r "= 458K, the increase of the effective current tends to be slow. When T. is higher than = 493K, the effective current begins to decrease the effect of the steam temperature on the effective current. 3.4 Superheated vapor pressure vs. effective current The effect of the superheated steam pressure on the effective current is as shown above. Under the condition of the critical temperature T=458K, the effective current increases rapidly with the increase of the vapor pressure. When the external temperature is higher than 0.6MPa, the increase of the effective current tends to be slow. As the vapor pressure A increases, the color of the jetted steam gradually changes from white to blue, indicating that the particle size of the jetted steam has been reduced below lfm. 4 Insulation field test of high-voltage corona needle is to use the power steam of the thermal power plant. When the steam passes through the nozzle, it is easy to condense into a water film on the inner wall of the nozzle. Table 1 lists the leakage currents generated by the improved Laval nozzle through the insulating holder when using low-pressure saturated steam. Table 1 shows the leakage current charging voltage / kV leakage current of the modified Laval nozzle. "A is seen in Table 1. The value of the leakage current is not large. This is because the distilled water condensed by saturated steam is also a good insulator. Obviously, the insulation bracket is reasonably designed, and the leakage current of the nozzle is further reduced. During the experiment, PTFE is used on the one hand. As a material for the insulating support; on the other hand, a method of lengthening the insulation length is adopted to further reduce the leakage current. The thickness of the high-voltage corona needle holder outside the nozzle is increased; for the high-voltage corona needle holder inside the nozzle, we take the middle opening The slot method increases the insulation strength, see for details. 5 On-site flue test results and discussion on-site flue test test results The research project was approved by Jilin Electric Power Bureau and provided funds. The Northeast China Normal University Electrostatic Research Institute and Jilin Thermal Power Plant cooperated in the development of cyclone water film dust collector. Sub-topic. The cyclone water film dust collector of No. 7 boiler was reformed. The boiler load was 230t/h. On September 15, 1998, the main structure of the cyclone pulse electrostatic water film dust collector was installed. The water vapor charge device is installed in the flue of the cyclone water membrane remover No. 4. The flue width is 900mm, the height is 2000mm, and the exhaust gas volume is 1.0X10sm3/h. The 25 water vapor positive charge devices carried by the positive high voltage power supply and the 24 water vapor negative charge chargers carried by the negative high voltage power supply make The spacing is 25mm distributed in the cross section of the flue. The dust removal efficiency of the water vapor pressure precipitator is measured by the weighing method. The instrument used is the YP-2A static pressure balance soot concentration produced by Shanghai Zhengda Hongyu Environmental Protection Instrument Co., Ltd. The tester cyclone water film dust collector inlet and outlet flue are placed in the test port, each test port has 7 sampling holes, each hole takes 4 picking points, each sampling point sampling time is 15s, a total of 28 sampling points, One sample is obtained every 7 minutes, the inlet and outlet are simultaneously sampled, and then the obtained sample is weighed to calculate the dust removal efficiency of the dust collector. When sampling, the boiler load is 230t/h, the flue gas flow is 98357m3/h, and the flue gas temperature is 165. The pre-charger power supply voltage is 6kV, the power supply current is 5mA. The main electric field voltage is 22kV, the main electric field current is 15mA, the inlet flue is water-regulated, and the water film supply is normal. (down 24 pages) LCD display, resolution 0.01mm with metric conversion, arbitrary point zero and value retention. It can meet the measurement requirements of the length of the diffractive photograph taken by the Debye camera within a diameter of 114.6 mm. When in use, the Debye photo is placed on the frosted glass of the light box, and the reading of the diffraction arc position on the photo is directly read by the digital display ruler. Since the digital display device has any function in the measurement range, the absolute distance of the diffraction arc pair can be directly measured by the moving vernier. This distance has a certain correspondence with the Bragg angle, so the instrument can be used to measure the Bragg angle. 4 Instrument characteristics and improvement direction The instrument has been used in modern physics experiment teaching for many years, the effect is good. This instrument replaces the original instrument mechanical scale vernier with advanced digital display ranging direct reading device, with high measurement precision, simple structure and convenient use. . The instrument has a floating zero function, that is, it can be set to “0†at any position, which can directly measure the separation distance of the pair of diffraction arcs, overcome the position reading of the pair of diffraction arcs of the original instrument, and then subtract and calculate the Prague. The cumbersome procedures of the corners save time and improve efficiency. Because the digital display instrument selects a special single-chip digital integrated circuit and a new device such as LED/LCD digital display, it can realize digital setting and digital display, and has various adjustment functions, which is convenient for modular design of the instrument, flexible system composition and high precision. Low cost, easy operation and high reliability, it can be widely used instead of traditional analog instruments. This instrument is valuable for the promotion of digital technology for retrofitting experimental devices. 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