Screen Printing Substrate - Glass

The third part of the glass

glass


Glass is the oldest material in the history of human use and is produced by hot melting a mixture of high silicon content.

In screen printing, glass is a type of printing material and they come in two forms:

Cast or flat glass plate

Cast or blown glass items

Glass is made from quartz sand, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, magnesium, arsenic, manganese, feldspar, lime, and coloring materials. The composition of the glass is 55% quartz sand, 18% sodium carbonate, 12% lime, 3% coloring material, and 12% broken glass. The mixture of these materials is placed in a furnace and heated to a high temperature of about 1500°C, followed by further processing. The mixture that is heated and melted is called molten glass, which can be blow molded or calendered. In mechanical bottles, a drop of molten glass is placed in a pre-prepared mold and then blown into the final shape of the bottle. Since the temperature of the bottle is still very high, the bottle is first cooled to a point where it is no longer deformed, and then fired at a temperature of about 550° C. to eliminate the stress of the glass. Mirror glass and window glass are produced by pouring molten glass onto a raised platform on the periphery and then pressing it with a heavy metal crucible to make a flat glass. The mirror glass is a flat glass after another mechanical, chemical or Heat treatment to make the surface parallel and smooth and prepared. The thickness of the window glass is generally 0. 7-19mm, and the thickness of the mirror glass is 15 - 19mm. All the ceramics that are formed and then baked are ceramics. Ceramic products can be divided into two types:

White utensils such as porcelain, ceramic tiles, art pottery, etc.
. High-viscosity clay products such as bricks, tiles, and drains

Porcelain originated in China and its components are kaolin, feldspar and quartz. The main raw material of ceramics is kaolin. In order to make the products have mechanical stability and impact resistance, some substances need to be added. The most important ones are quartz and feldspar.

The main difference between porcelain and pottery is:

The surface of the porcelain is smooth and the surface of the pottery is rough.

Porcelain porcelain has a white, hard core; and high-viscosity clayware and pottery have a granular core and a clear glaze coating.

The porcelain is translucent and harder than pottery.

In the production of ceramic products, the raw materials and fillers are first crushed in a mill-roll mill and then ground. A vacuum exhaust machine is used to press or squeeze dry soil into a cylinder to eliminate all air bubbles. There are many methods for forming a product, which can be done manually using a steel mold, or can be molded, pressed, or extruded. After the product has the desired shape, it is dried and then calcined in a kiln at a high temperature of 1000-2000°C. Ceramic products can be mounted, in addition to screen printing methods, but also above the glaze and embossed with copper plates. The mounting of some products is still manual. At present, the use of screen printed decals is an important means of ceramic decoration. This decal is printed with ceramic ink. The ceramic ink is mainly composed of linseed oil and synthetic resin, and contains enamel and inorganic pigment fine powder.

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